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If possible, incentivize individuals not groups: Evidence from lab-in-the-field experiments on forest conservation in rural Uganda (advance online)

机译:如果可能,激励个人而不是群体:来自乌干达农村地区实验室实验的证据(在线提前)

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摘要

Payment for ecosystem services has become one of the most important conservation policy options worldwide. In developing countries, however, payments are often targeted toward communities instead of individuals. Nonetheless, there is little evidence for the effectiveness of different payment schemes in promoting proconservation behavior. We compare three payment schemes (community-based payments [CBP], equality-based individual payments [EBIP], and performance-based individual payments [PBIP]) using dynamic behavioral experiments with 450 participants in 34 Ugandan villages. We further assess the interplay of the payment schemes with stylized local organizations including communication, leadership, and external advice. We find that PBIP lead to better conservation outcomes than EBIP and CBP. Furthermore, PBIP outperform CBP under all tested conditions. Thus, our results provide important insights for the design of future incentive-based conservation interventions, and we underscore how our novel and low-cost approach can be used to increase the effectiveness of conservation policies.
机译:为生态系统服务付费已成为全球最重要的保护政策选择之一。但是,在发展中国家,付款通常针对社区而不是个人。但是,几乎没有证据表明不同的支付方案在促进保护行为方面的有效性。我们使用动态行为实验对34个乌干达村庄的450名参与者进行了比较,比较了三种支付方案(基于社区的支付[CBP],基于平等的个人支付[EBIP]和基于绩效的个人支付[PBIP])。我们进一步评估了付款方案与风格化的本地组织之间的相互作用,包括沟通,领导和外部建议。我们发现,与EBIP和CBP相比,PBIP导致更好的保护效果。此外,在所有测试条件下,PBIP均优于CBP。因此,我们的结果为未来基于激励的保护措施的设计提供了重要的见识,并且我们强调了如何使用我们新颖而低成本的方法来提高保护政策的有效性。

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